Their purpose has been to discourage such deals through public embarrassment.
Even the subdivisions were designed to discourage through traffic, with winding streets and cul-de-sacs.
The concern is that any attempt to discourage too much lending through controls may sound like tampering with free markets, a potential obstacle in Congress.
Instead, they discouraged demand, usually through higher interest rates, so that it would not outstrip supply and increase inflation.
But the trade group representing the pharmaceutical industry is now discouraging such gifts through a voluntary code of ethics that took effect in July.
Road signage has been designed to discourage through traffic-only local destinations are shown.
It discourages bad behavior through time-outs or loss of privileges.
As in Mainz, one of the first tasks was to discourage through traffic.
Streets, by design, would discourage unwanted through traffic and enhance the safety of pedestrians.
Traffic calming within the village aims to discourage through traffic.