In his written testimony, Mr. Schmalensee said: "A firm with monopoly power over the operating system would charge at least 16 times over what Microsoft charges."

In his direct, written testimony, he said his company appreciated Microsoft's decision to include a Web browser with Windows.

The tribunal gathered 2,094 oral and written testimonies and met with many senior police officers and government officials.

The following is his written testimony.

The Talmud, in the third chapter of Sanhedrin, delineates the rules governing who may provide written or oral testimony.

In his written testimony, he too accuses Mrs. Mandela of offering to pay him for killing Dr. Asvat.

In his written direct testimony, which was made public today, he defends Microsoft's contract requiring America Online to switch its customers to Internet Explorer.

Those responding to the Copyright Office Request for Comments through oral and written testimony were by no means unanimous in their views, but a few themes stood out.

In his written testimony, Admiral Loy cited recent information from investigations and detentions as the basis for his concern about the Mexican border.

Those segments were balanced with oral and written testimonies of survivors, mostly from Long Island.