He formed a small select group of volunteer officers.
Recognizing how dangerous the new submarines could be, he proceeded cautiously with training his small band of volunteer officers and men.
They could be transported through election to the so-called volunteer officers.
At one point during the war, Jewish volunteer officers were imprisoned.
The service has approximately 520 volunteer officers and 225 paid staff, operating through a network of 45 stations.
Inspector Gates approved this idea, and he formed a small select group of volunteer officers.
He served as a volunteer officer during the war, and was wounded in action and sent home for illness.
I knew the volunteer officers were out on patrol.
"The union wanted to put all the volunteer officers down at the bottom - even under the paid firefighters," he said.
In addition, he said, the paid officers are more experienced and better trained than the volunteer officers.