Dietary administration alleviated the risks of certain types of cancers and suppressed colonic tumor incidence, volume and multiplicity induced by various carcinogens.

Tamoxifen, alone or in combination with retinoids, decreased tumor incidence by more than 70% by the end of the study, whereas 9cRA alone decreased it by 50%.

In animal studies, the plant omega-3 fatty acid found in flaxseed, called ALA, inhibited tumor incidence and growth.

Breeding PTCH mice to p53 knockout animals markedly increased tumor incidence.

At 19 weeks, palpable mammary tumor incidence was greater (65% and 59.4%) in both Flor Essence groups compared with controls (51%).

Animal studies validated the findings when lunasin significantly reduced the tumor incidence in mice skin exposed to chemical carcinogens.

In a mouse carcinoma model, β-1,3 glucans did not reduce tumor incidence, but were associated with reduced mortality in combination with cyclophosphamide.

OGG1 knockout mice do not show an increased tumor incidence, but accumulate 8-oxoG in the liver as they age.

At this high level of innoculum, there was no difference in tumor incidence (data not shown).

In a study on mice, injecting a preparation of DSIP over the mice's lifetime decreased total spontaneous tumor incidence 2.6-fold.