Congress intended that the Vaccine Program provide individuals a swift, flexible, and less adversarial alternative to the often costly and lengthy civil arena of traditional tort litigation.

While an Army officer, she served as a tort litigation attorney, prosecutor, defense counsel, chief legal officer, and as both a trial and appellate judge.

The insurance industry estimates the direct cost of tort litigation at $246 billion a year.

"There has been a burgeoning of domestic tort litigation in the last 20 years, but no comparative development in international law," he said in an interview.

Each address the "gatekeeper" role of the judge in determining the admissibility of expert testimony, with considerable implications for tort litigation.

The home has recently become the subject of toxic tort litigation, due to exposure to mold contamination, construction materials such as wood or carpeting treated with formaldehyde, and pesticides.

Tort reform refers to proposed changes in common law civil justice systems that would reduce tort litigation or damages.

Juries are unseasoned with a daily exposure to tragic accidents in tort litigation.

Her areas of practice included environmental regulatory law, patent infringement litigation, and toxic tort litigation.

As is typical in complex mass tort litigation, the court designated "liaison counsel" for the plaintiffs at an initial case management conference on May 26, 2011.