Irene had served as regent from 780 to 790 and still held the title of Empress.

I am not dazzled by the title of Empress; I dread some evil will result from this step to him, to my children, and to myself.

He conferred upon me the vain title of Empress only to render my fall the more marked.

Nevertheless, she was allowed to keep the title of Empress, which was confirmed in 792.

She received the title of Empress posthumously.

From 1 May 1876, she used the additional title of Empress of India.

A few years later, Queen Victoria took the title of Empress of India.

She was granted the title of Empress in 1945.

In 1877, Queen Victoria took the title of Empress of India.

He maintained that she was willing to be a wife in name only, in order to carry the title of Empress.