Bacteria, dead tissue cells, and small mineral particles are all examples of objects that may be phagocytosed.
Connective tissue cells will anchor the chips into place.
Surprisingly, the thread had become coated with natural endocardial tissue cells.
Cell junctions are the contact points between plasma membrane and tissue cells.
And several research groups are developing techniques that would depend on connective tissue cells called fibroblasts.
The latter are tissue cells' damage, overload of their specialized functions or regulatory influences.
"We don't know that you can take one type of tissue cell and get it to back up," Dr. Kaplan said.
By contrast, he said, the new vaccine is developed from tissue cells grown in clean, modern conditions, where contamination is much less likely.
When the oxygen reaches the heart, tissue cells there use it to create distinctive water molecules that can be measured.
They are often due to damage of blood vessels and connective tissue cells.