The change in scope made Habitat a test-tube experiment rather than a full-blown examination of industrialized housing.

And even if Dr. Loewenstein's test-tube experiments do bear fruit, it will take years before the harvest comes for cancer treatment.

The substances are nevertheless active in test-tube experiments against H.I.V., he says.

The hypothesis is highly preliminary, based solely on test-tube experiments, and was greeted by other neuroscientists with reactions ranging from measured enthusiasm to outright skepticism.

When nef-deleted S.I.V. is used in test-tube experiments, the virus reproduces and damages cells.

In test-tube experiments, scientists have found that small, purified samples of defensins destroy pathogens almost instantly.

But in test-tube experiments sir2 showed no sign of doing that.

One was that in test-tube experiments, DNA degrades rapidly, and by inference, could not survive for 17 million years.

But in test-tube experiments conducted on the mission, researchers found that they could increase lymphocyte function two-fold by adding microscopic glass beads to the containers.

Another breakthrough in the field was a series of test-tube experiments showing how some nutrients, the antioxidants, are able to deactivate harmful free radicals.