Motorcycle riding, flying airplanes and other dangerous pursuits must be mastered with as much time, training and practice as a surgical discipline.

While at Stanford Medical School, he participated in immunology research and developed an interest in the surgical discipline of urology.

The hospital has a staff strength of 786, with 61 resident consultants specializing in a broad range of medical and surgical disciplines.

Hybrid operating rooms are currently used mainly in cardiac, vascular and neuro-surgery, but could be suitable for a number of other surgical disciplines.

This conference, composed of physicians and scientists of both surgical and non-surgical disciplines, reached several conclusions, amongst which were:

In some centers, anesthesiology is part of the division of surgery (for historical and logistical reasons), although it is not a surgical discipline.

This flexibility is very important since it enables the table to be adapted to suit the relevant patient or the surgical discipline.

An operating theater is generally shared between several surgical disciplines.

Under his influence neurosurgery became a new and autonomous surgical discipline.

Anesthesiology is classified as a surgical discipline, since it is vital in the surgical process, though anesthesiologists never perform major surgery themselves.