To explain them, Allen and Ney suggested that large rocks in contact with deep subsurface layers cooled more slowly than the loosely packed regolith.
This hydration of the surface layers produces a volume expansion which places mechanical stress on the dry subsurface layers.
The induction is thought to take place in subsurface layers of salty water, which are likely to exist in all of Jupiter's large icy moons.
The conversion permits the production of depth and thickness maps that depict subsurface layers that are based on reflection data.
The survey data revealed a regularized pattern of streets latent in the subsurface layers, together with archaeological deposits.
Ganymede reveals past tectonic movement of the ice surface which required partial melting of subsurface layers.
But the beauty of pearls is literally a reflection of their surface and subsurface nacreous layers.
The immediate subsurface layers on the Lüneburg Heath are almoste exclusively made up of deposits from the quaternary ice age.
It is sometimes necessary to completely change the mud to drill through a particular subsurface layer.
These are poorly developed brown soils, low in organic content though overlain by mats of plant material, a strongly mineralized subsurface layer and a permafrost base.