He was promoted to the substantive rank of captain on 1 May 1933.

He was promoted to the substantive rank of major on 8 May 1916.

He was promoted to the substantive rank of major on 21 March 1885.

He was given the substantive rank of major on 15 February 1861.

He was given the substantive rank of general on 21 January 1887.

He ended the war with the substantive rank of Major.

Unlike these two ranks, however, it has always been a substantive rank.

He was granted the substantive rank of general on 2 April 1997.

But I did say it was a temporary not substantive rank.

In July 1945 his substantive rank was raised to colonel.