By October 19, frequent U-2 spy flights showed four operational sites.

Administration officials repeated today that they would not bargain away their right to run spy flights in international airspace.

The deceptions about the spy flights were issued in some of the tensest days of the cold war.

They say such spy flights are an affront that must be stopped, though they are aware that the United States fully intends to continue them.

But the Russians do run spy flights along Atlantic coastal areas from Cuban airfields.

Nevertheless, the spy flights continued, and on May 1, 1960, a U-2 would be downed in Soviet territory.

They restated demands that the United States end its spy flights and explain its actions - apparently a topic to be taken up in future talks.

In late 1946, spy flights were sent over Russia's Pacific and Baltic coasts.

From 1950 to 1970, at least 252 crew members crashed on spy flights of all kinds, most directed against the Soviet Union, Mr. Taubman reports.

The spy flights were paid for by Omeka Public Relations and attempted to locate the vessels of whaling protesters.