Distillation is one of the primary tools that chemists and chemical engineers use to separate mixtures into their constituents.

Sometimes azeotropes are useful in separating zeotropic mixtures.

The technique is used to separate isotopic mixtures such as uranium using porous membranes.

This is useful for separating complex mixtures of similar compounds, for example, amino acids.

In biochemistry, the hydrophobic effect can be used to separate mixtures of proteins based on their hydrophobicity.

As with any chromatography it is used to separate mixtures.

It is used to separate mixtures of solids.

Spinning band distillation is a technique used to separate liquid mixtures which are similar in boiling points.

Rotational effects and gravity are used to separate mixtures of solids and fluids.

The resulting crystals have been used to separate racemic mixtures.