Systemic chemotherapy has been shown to have limited therapeutic effects for primary and secondary hepatic malignancies, with tumor response rates of less than 30%.

Unknown long-term incidence of secondary malignancies.

The best current estimates of developing a secondary malignancy from the radiosurgery are 1 in a 1000 patients over 30 years.

Female survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma may also be an increased risk for non-breast secondary malignancies.

Long-term follow-up of 30 patients with ALL in remission for at least 10 years has demonstrated 10 cases of secondary malignancies.

If, however, salvage therapy results in a substantial risk for late events such as cardiac failure or secondary malignancies, less-intense initial therapy would be unwise.

Following high-dose radiation therapy for malignant disease, the risk of secondary malignancy is high.

Radiation is a potential cause of cancer, and secondary malignancies are seen in a very small minority of patients - usually less than 1/1000.

NHL presenting as a secondary malignancy is rare in pediatrics.