It is synthesized by renal peritubular cells in adults, with a small amount being produced in the liver.

Recently, studies examining the capacity of bone marrow stem cells to differentiate into renal cells are emerging.

The sporocysts are released from the renal spithelial cells and are passed with the urine into the water.

It is the matrix of urinary casts derived from the secretion of renal tubular cells.

Secondly, the link to Cyclin D1 (as mentioned above) is only seen in renal cells.

The verocytotoxin (shiga-like toxin) can directly damage renal and endothelial cells.

Pericytes and renal mesangial cells are some examples of modified myofibroblast like cells.

Gentamicin, like other aminoglycosides, causes nephrotoxicity by inhibiting protein synthesis in renal cells.

In some cases, an accumulation of an unidentified golden-brown pigment was found within renal epithelial cells.

Primary renal cell carcinomas as well as metastatic cancers can affect the kidney.