On several occasions some national football organizations of the former Soviet republics as well as individual clubs refused participation in the tournament for different reasons.
It is noteworthy that the emphasis in The Guide is on the right to refuse participation.
England teams have indefinitely refused participation in the tournament starting with this edition due to its dates clashing with the end of the County Championship.
On the other hand, courts have also allowed parties to refuse participation in the process when it might jeopardize the parties' normal litigation.
The study attributed the steady decline to "an increasing societal tendency to refuse participation in surveys."
Furthermore, the majority found there was no evidence to show that those who wanted to participate in the employment programs were refused participation.
England have been in three editions but refused further participation after 2012 as their domestic season clashed with the tournament's dates.
Despite this, Choi claims to have faced discrimination in the modelling industry, having been refused participation in a fashion show without any clear reason.
Albania refuses participation in the Marshall Plan of the United States.
As a consequence, the community and its president, Ognjen Kraus, refused further participation in the project under the set conditions.