As mayor, he reversed changes made by previous moderate and reformist mayors.
With the replacement of Mayor Frank L. Shaw in 1938, the city gained a reformist mayor in Fletcher Bowron.
As an aide to Anatoly Sobchak, the reformist mayor of St. Petersburg, Mr. Putin helped build the beginnings of a capitalist economy in the early 1990's.
The running-mate of Moscow's popular reformist mayor in the June 16 election was badly wounded today in a bomb blast that officials said was an attempt to sabotage the vote.
However, reformist mayor Fiorello LaGuardia, was returned to office, and the Minskys and their rivals were closed again.
New York's reformist mayor, Fiorello LaGuardia, created the commission as part of a city charter reform aimed at reducing corruption and inefficiency.
Among those tipped to become the new party chief is Mr Wolfgang Berghofer, Dresden's reformist mayor.
He immediately became known as a tough-minded reformist mayor, and in the 1950s, he and Zamboanga City mayor Cesar Climaco were touted as exemplars of good local governance.
Bolivia is one of the world's most corrupt nations, but for a time a reformist mayor gave residents of its biggest city, La Paz, a reprieve.
He also confirmed reports that the military commander in Leningrad broke with the coup leaders and made a bargain with the city's reformist mayor to keep troops out of the city.