Thus the real-world phenomenon the Matthew effect is intended to describe is quite distinct from (though certainly related to) preferential attachment.

Asymptotic analysis is a key tool for exploring the ordinary and partial differential equations which arise in the mathematical modelling of real-world phenomena.

Analog chips translate real-world phenomena - like motion, sound, temperature, pressure and light - into analogous electronic or mechanical patterns.

More specifically, they lend themselves to such diverse structural scenarios as spousal interaction, departmental interaction in institutions, and a host of other real-world phenomena.

Many other real-world phenomena have also been described in terms of large networks (also called graphs), such as various types of social and technological networks.

Two real-world phenomena, taxes and potential losses in bankruptcy, do muddy this crystal-clear insight.

For many economists, involuntary unemployment is a real-world phenomenon of central importance to economics.

Such analysis produces a factor whether or not it corresponds to a real-world phenomenon, and so caution must be exercised in its interpretation.

Capable of simulating a wide range of real-world physical phenomena.

Skeptics question whether neuro-economics explains real-world phenomena.