Once the nurse candidate has passed the qualification exam, the license is held for life and does not have to be re-newed.

Ms. Miller, 23, had petitioned the High Court in 1994 after the air force refused her request to take qualification exams for flight school.

Last December, four of seven control room crews failed to pass their annual qualification exams.

But few foreigners may be aware that Japan is also a land of professional qualification exams - almost 2,000 of them, in fact.

Whites are angry that black candidates for police training did not have to score as high as white applicants on the qualification exam.

Van der Waals was given this dispensation and passed the qualification exams in physics and mathematics for doctoral studies.

Upon passing the qualification exam, he was assigned to the northern border to defend against the Jurchens, who frequently raided Korean villages.

It ranks professionals and runs professional qualification exams for players in Taiwan.

Boys in her class had been summoned to qualification exams for pilot training in the air force.

In the same year, the Ministry of Justice administered a unified national qualification exam for lawyers.