The Markup rule is used in economics to explain firm pricing decisions.
The forecasting problem reflects the fact that the pricing decisions are intended to affect purchase events over some future time horizon.
Oil company executives talk circumspectly about their pricing decisions.
This story will be interesting to follow for anyone making pricing decisions about software and trying to move upmarket.
For its part, Goldman stands by its pricing decision.
At the same time, increasing costs began to affect other newspapers' pricing decisions, most notably starting with The Times raising its price to €1.
Airlines have to make hundreds of thousands of similar pricing decisions daily.
But the calculus behind any single pricing decision is complex, and largely shaped by market forces.
Once spent, such costs are sunk and should have no effect on future pricing decisions.
That's why a seller needs to be involved in the pricing decision.