presynaptically

This protein allows for many changes both presynaptically and postsynaptically.

They can exist either presynaptically or postsynaptically depending upon cell types.

It is not known if this mechanism is presynaptically or postsynpatically occurring.

If the receptor is located presynaptically then when activated it causes the suppression of neurotransmitter release.

Neuroligins act as ligands for β-Neurexins, which are cell adhesion proteins located presynaptically.

These studies suggested that lamotrigine acts presynaptically on voltage-gated sodium channels to decrease glutamate release.

Presynaptically, they act to regulate neurotransmitter release, mediating the frequency and strength of tonic firing in connected neurons.

Presynaptically, it reduces synaptic vesicle release.

For instance, there are inhibitory α2 adrenergic receptors presynaptically that give negative feedback on release by homotropic modulation.

Presynaptically, axonal boutons undergo submicron displacements that indent the dendritic spines.

Research found that the CB receptor is expressed presynaptically by motor neurons that innervate visceral organs.

While some drugs act presynaptically (such as botulinum toxin and tetanus toxin), those of current clinical importance work postsynaptically.

Secondly, the group suggest that the synaptic changes are expressed solely presynaptically, via changes in the probability of transmitter release (Enoki et al., 2009).

Vesamicol is an experimental drug, acting presynaptically by inhibiting acetylcholine (ACh) uptake and reducing its release.

Adenosine acts presynaptically to inhibit neuronal release of acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, gamma amino butyric acid and serotonin.

Those located on the soma and dendrites are called somatodendritic, and those located presynaptically in the synapse are aptly titled presynaptic.

Extracellular uptake of norepinephrine into the cytosol is done either presynaptically (uptake 1) or by non-neuronal cells in the vicinity (uptake 2).

While the above model of E-LTP describes entirely postsynaptic mechanisms for induction, maintenance, and expression, an additional component of expression may occur presynaptically.

For induction to occur postsynaptically and be partially expressed presynaptically, a message must travel from the postsynaptic cell to the presynaptic cell in a retrograde (reverse) direction.

Presynaptically, it reduces synaptic vesicle release while post synaptically it has been found to stabilize the magnesium on the NMDA receptor.

The function of such receptors located at synapses is to convert the chemical signal of presynaptically released neurotransmitter directly and very quickly into a postsynaptic electrical signal.

It is thought that epilepsy is caused because these receptor subunits are expressed presynaptically by neurons that release the inhibitory transmitter GABA.

High levels of protein-tyrosine kinases and phosphatases and their substrates at synapses, both presynaptically and postsynaptically, suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation may regulate synaptic transmission.

(1999) Presynaptically located CB1 cannabinoid receptors regulate GABA release from axon terminals of specific hippocampal interneurons.

Additionally the GABA acts on GABA-B receptors which are located presynaptically on the mossy fibre terminal.