Unlike the Indo-European migration hypothesis, there is no clear genetic evidence for a prehistoric migration out of India.

Switzerland is on one hand at the crossroads of several prehistoric migrations, while on the other hand the Alps acted as a refuge in some cases.

One is the effort to measure how genetic variation is distributed around the globe, information that will help track prehistoric human migrations.

These were used in prehistoric migration.

However British and American archaeology since the 1960s had been sceptical about prehistoric migration in general, so the idea of "Bell Beaker Folk" lost ground.

Due to prehistoric migrations in and out of Africa, North African populations tend to exhibit allele frequencies that are intermediate between Sub-Saharan Africa and Eurasia.

The authors suggest that this distribution is consistent with a prehistoric migration from Africa to Iberia, possibly alongside mtDNA haplogroup U6.

Regarding Iberia, current debates are concerned with whether these lineages are associated with prehistoric migrations, the Islamic occupation of Iberia or the slave trade.

The authors suggest both the Muslim occupation, and prehistoric migrations before the Muslim occupation would have been the source of these lineages.

Scholars wrote histories of prehistoric migrations which were sometimes valuable but often also fanciful.