Koischwitz was the son of a prominent physician, born into a family with a history of military service to Prussia and Germany.

D. (1865-1942) was an American physician and author, born in New York City.

- 17 November 1876) was a physician born and trained in England.

Frank Pantridge (1916-2004) was a physician and cardiologist born in Hillsborough, who invented the portable defibrillator.

Eugène Bouchut (May 18, 1818-1891) was a French physician born in Paris.

Worthington Hooker (1806-1867) was an American physician, born in Springfield, Massachusetts.

Jacques Ferrand was a French physician born around 1575 in Agen, France.

Harrison Allen (1841-97) was an American physician and anatomist, born in Philadelphia.

Jacob Liboschütz was a Russian physician; born in 1741.

The project is named after Avicenna, a physician and philosopher born near Bukhara in the 10th century.