The boulders were formed by periglacial processes in the Pleistocene epoch, or "ice age."

This contrasted sharply with the views of others that tors are essentially arctic features produced by periglacial processes.

Nevertheless, soil erosion is an appreciable problem in some Alpine pastures of the park due to overgrazing in a transhumance system, fuelwood collection and periglacial processes.

With the exception of ice-cored rock glaciers, rock glaciers are a periglacial process.

It includes a more recently developed large region of aeolian materials derived from periglacial processes.

These moraines are morphologically quite different from the very widespread stone runs, which are the result of periglacial processes.

Other more exotic geomorphic processes might include periglacial (freeze-thaw) processes, salt-mediated action, or extraterrestrial impact.

This concept contrasts with periglacial processes, which are directly driven by formation or melting of ice or frost.

Cross Fell - together with the Dun Fells and Knock Fell, this area is important both for its examples of periglacial landforms and because some periglacial processes are still active.

However, during the Pleistocene epoch (the Ice Age), periglacial processes dominated.