The usage of present, passive or future participles will determine the verbal idea in the ablative absolute.

They are related to active and passive participles.

Every verb has a corresponding active participle, and most have passive participles.

The form of a given perfect or passive participle is strongly influenced by the status of the verb at hand.

The perfect and passive participles of strong verbs in Germanic languages are irregular (e.g. driven); their form is idiosyncratic.

The passive past participle has the ending -tu/ty or -ttu/tty to the soft grade of the stem.

The passive past participle is subject to consonant gradation:

They also form active and passive participles, which may be past, present or future.

The non-finite verb forms are the infinitive and the active and passive participles.

Alternative perfect periphrasis, with passive participle, for example: