De-regulated labor markets have also created a shift towards contract and part-time labor and shorter work tenures.

This data point shows the percentage of women in a country who are either employed in full or part-time labor.

"Even if customers didn't respond at the same level they did in peak season, our variable costs, mostly part-time labor at Christmas, were much lower, so we could be profitable then, too," he said.

Employers rely on contract or part-time labor to keep their full-time work force below the regulatory thresholds - leaving thousands of workers unprotected by medical insurance and other benefits.

Let's let them contribute all their ill-gotten gains and part-time labor to the building of the new coht-house.

'Our shareholders demand that we hold the line on part-time labor and wage increases!'

Although it is true that the percentage of the work force working part time has risen only 2 percent in 27 years, this figure disguises the disturbing aspect of part-time labor.

The job offer includes an unrealistically generous salary for part-time, unskilled labor.

Critics, particularly teachers unions, say that private providers are only the educational version of the national trend toward using part-time labor as a union-busting, cost-saving strategy.

They can hire students or other part-time labor.