These parent nuclei successively emitted seven alpha particles to form Rf nuclei.

The mode of this decay causes the parent nucleus to decrease by two protons and two neutrons.

The spin of the parent nucleus can either remain unchanged or change by 1.

These parent nuclei were reported to have successively emitted seven alpha particles to form Rf nuclei, but their claim was retracted in 2001.

The chromosome number may then be restored to its haploid state by nuclear division, with each daughter nuclei being genetically different from the original parent nuclei.

In a fission reaction, the products of the fission have a total of about 0.5% less mass that the parent nucleus.

The smaller chunks have the lowest mass, and so are accelerated away from the parent nucleus faster than the larger chunks.

Absolute radiometric dating requires a measurable fraction of parent nucleus to remain in the sample rock.

Half an optical cycle after ionization, the electron will reverse direction as the electric field changes, and will accelerate back towards the parent nucleus.

This will cause it to 'miss' the parent nucleus and hence prevent HHG.