Because the outcome of quantum-mechanical events cannot in principle be predicted, they are the 'gold standard' for random number generation.

Some quantum phenomena used for random number generation include:

While noise is generally unwanted, it can serve a useful purpose in some applications, such as random number generation or dithering.

"I can do a random number generation to simulate a coin toss," Mary said.

This is used in random number generation using the inverse transform sampling-method.

Two dimensional cellular automata are used for random number generation.

In Win32 programs, Microsoft recommends its use anywhere random number generation is needed.

More complex operations such as circular shift (swap being a special case), and certain classes of random number generation also belong here.

However, more recent versions have relied on browser-native secure random number generation.

Strong random number generation is important throughout every phase of public key cryptography.