The performer is, he points out, engaged in the business of translating from one language, that of notated music, into another, sound.

Finally, some of Cage's works, particularly those completed during the 1960s, feature instructions to the performer, rather than fully notated music.

However, because manuscript was expensive to produce, there is little record of Medieval homophony, most notated music being monophonic.

And incorrectly notated music is harder for trained musicians to play.

The chant was added to the notated music, and it was up to the performers to fit the disparate lines together into a coherent whole.

He favors strictly notated music that often sounds improvised.

At the ball 1904 - notated music.

The Lutoslawski piece integrates notated music with chance performance.

Small ensembles may also use notated music for part of their performances, in arrangements of a tune's main theme.

Like the invention of writing, notated music expanded the esthetic domain of the human mind.