In 1923, he attended the naval artillery and torpedo schools.

From 1905 to 1906, he studied naval artillery and navigation.

This time, we had the invaluable support of naval artillery.

He was also known as "the father of German naval artillery."

He also reorganized the corps of naval artillery and marine infantry.

From 1875 to 1878 he received specialized training as a naval artillery and mine warfare expert.

The idea was to disrupt the visual rangefinders used for naval artillery.

He went on to gain fame as "the father of German naval artillery."

He graduated from the school of mine warfare in 1881, and for naval artillery in 1884.

However, at 19, he preferred to become a second lieutenant in the naval artillery.