What Spain's monarchs lost in the 19th century, Emilio and Ana Patricia Botin are determined to reconquer in the waning years of the 20th: Latin America.

From the end of the 17th century, monarchs lost executive power and they increasingly became subject to Parliament, resulting in today's constitutional Monarchy.

BBC 1 Controller Peter Fincham told journalists at the launch that it showed the monarch "losing it a bit and walking out in a huff".

Constantine's victories, including that at Anchialus in 763, caused considerable instability in Bulgaria, where six monarchs lost their crowns on account of their failures.

He did not think the monarchical authority to be absolute, but subject to popular sovereignty, so that a monarch may lose his authority if he worked against the common good of the people.

Mr. Bralds is an immaculate craftsman; he may be a clairvoyant, too, for it seems that science has recently proved that monarchs lose their colors upon exposure to pollution.

They said the 87-year-old monarch lost a small amount of blood today and received another transfusion this morning.

The monarch lost his temper and threatened to execute Triboulet.

And if monarchs had lost much of their real power in the constitutional states of western Europe, both the style and the substance of royal authority remained in the great empires east of the Rhine.

The Mameluks then made the kingdom a tributary state in 1426; the remaining monarchs gradually lost almost all independence, until 1489 when the last Queen, Catherine Cornaro, was forced to sell the island to Venice.