However, the 5' to 3' DNA replication ensures that these mismatched bases are excised.

The polymerases on those beads move forward in fits and starts, incorporating bases as they can, and often waiting out periods where they're supplied with nothing but a mismatched base.

Ligation does not generally occur in the presence of a mismatched 3' base.

Even so, some DNA polymerases also have proofreading ability; they can remove nucleotides from the end of a strand in order to correct mismatched bases.

The protein forms a heterodimer with MLH1 and this complex interacts with MSH2 bound to mismatched bases.

Examples of mismatched bases include a G/T or A/C pairing (see DNA repair).

MutS forms a dimer (MutS) that recognises the mismatched base on the daughter strand and binds the mutated DNA.

The MutSα dimer scans double stranded DNA in the nucleus, looking for mismatched bases.

The lin-4:lin-14 duplex is seen to take up an unusual kinked structure, caused by induced changes in the groove dimension and base stacking due to the mismatched base pairs.

In its healthy form, it corrects minor errors in the genetic material DNA, called mismatched bases, that occasionally arise during normal cell life.