In southeastern Anatolia, all four of these metallurgical techniques appears more or less simultaneously at the beginning of the Neolithic c. 7500 BC.
The full range of modern scientific resources - sophisticated electronic measuring devices, complex equations of vibratory patterns and structure, advanced metallurgical techniques - all were indispensable.
With the development of gunpowder and improved metallurgical techniques, siege engines became artillery.
With modern metallurgical techniques, such as cladding, copper is incorporated into the constructions of cookware, often as an enclosed heat spreading disk (see below).
The ships are very large but the steel used to build them has become thinner as new metallurgical techniques have been adopted.
Such a 'split' crankpin is weaker than a straight one, but modern metallurgical techniques can produce a crankshaft that is adequately strong.
It is considered that site had artisan groups that knew metallurgical techniques.
Hosler suggests that traders from South America introduced metallurgical techniques into western Mexico in two waves.
The metal is often highly decorated with a wide variety of metallurgical techniques.
Nuremberg was one of Germany's main centres of metal refining and fabrication, and was a leader in metallurgical techniques.