The dome was caused by mantle material being extruded to the surface.

It is not a quaternary volcanic island, but rather is believed to be an upthrusted part of upper mantle material.

In certain circumstances, however, the mantle material does melt, forming magma that makes its way through the outer crust.

This can bring about metasomatism in the host rocks and even re-fertilise mantle material.

Diamonds are seen as "messengers from the deep", assumed to bring included mantle material to the surface well preserved in a chemical and physical prison.

Because of the unusual heat of this mantle material, it melts, forming magma just under the earth's crust.

These low seismic velocity zones often indicate hotter and more buoyant mantle material.

The complexes provide cross sections of mantle material which could only otherwise be found by drilling deep into the mantle.

Isostatic forces allow mantle material to rise under the thinning lithosphere.

At the same time, upwellings of mantle material create a divergent boundary along mid-ocean ridges.