"Contemporary criminology maintains a longstanding belief that police activities have little or no appreciable effect upon crime," he wrote.

From long-maligned dietary triggers to the underlying cause of the headaches themselves, longstanding beliefs have been brought into question by recent studies.

The three kings were presumably motivated by the longstanding belief that God wants to be bribed.

The discoveries up to then had confirmed the longstanding belief of astronomers that planets are common in the universe.

As Kennedy concludes in his paper, the longstanding belief that pictures can be generated only through vision now "requires radical revision."

He said the note confirmed a longstanding belief in the family that the bishop and his brother had had a sexual relationship.

Rather, he reiterated his longstanding belief that there is a real need for the commission.

This is a longstanding belief in almost every society.

A longstanding belief is that cancer cells constantly develop and are held in check by a healthy immune system.

Voids also included elements of his longstanding Christian beliefs.