Yet these contradictions are inherent in the classical outlook that Mr. Kiley has long espoused.

Duany has long espoused the use of rear lanes as leading to a better integration of automobile and foot traffic in a neighborhood.

What some Japanese officials find particularly galling is that they are being criticized for holding to policies long espoused by the United States.

Alan Greenspan, of course, has long espoused the same impossibility, as have other Federal Reserve officials and many private economists.

It's a very Lib Dem one too, the sort of grassroots activism they've long espoused.

He has long espoused higher taxes on gasoline as a way of discouraging runaway fuel consumption.

Mr. Berlusconi, a media tycoon who was prime minister for eight months in 1994, has long espoused a tough line on illegal immigration.

Malaysia has long espoused democratic principles.

He has long espoused socialist principles; civil servants must still call one another comrade.

"Asian philosophy," he said, "has long espoused the belief that human beings are shaped by the events of daily life."