But it is likely, Ms. McGuire said, that the landlord will maintain that the mere occurrence of the illegal activity is itself sufficient to require the original tenant to forfeit the apartment.

Such pressure is always required in remote villages where landlords maintain personal armies.

There is also an implied warranty of habitability, whereby a landlord must maintain safe, decent and habitable housing, meeting minimum safety requirements such as smoke detectors and a locking door.

The rationale, he said, is to make sure a landlord maintains an apartment between tenants.

Shakespeare & Company claims that it does not owe money and that the landlord has not maintained the building.

The best way to determine if a landlord maintains a building properly, Ms. Marshall suggested, is to ask the tenants.

The landlord maintains that the stove is still working even though the jets do not deliver full strengthJU and only three of four work.

And landlords often maintain that the migrants create the squalor and overcrowding behind their backs.

The landlord, Daiichi America Real Estate, maintains its offices on the top floors.

That obligation flows from a New York State law, the Warranty of Habitability, that requires landlords to maintain their buildings in good repair.