Furthermore, the workpieces should not be excessively restrained, as this introduces residual stresses into the weld and can cause cracking as the weld cools and contracts.

"High heat introduces local stresses and residual stresses."

The joint systems associated with cooling typically are polygonal because the cooling introducing stresses that are isotropic in the plane of the layer.

However, the pulsed lasercutting introduces high internal stresses along the cut edge, which on exposure to solvents produce undesirable "stress-crazing" at the cut edge and several millimetres deep.

Shrinkage then introduces residual stresses and distortion.

Powder-driven catapults were also contemplated, and would have been powerful enough, but would also have introduced far greater stresses on the airframes and might have been unsuitable for long use.

An ensemble version of the governing equations is solved, which introduces new apparent stresses known as Reynolds stresses.

Prestressing is a technique of introducing stresses of a predetermined magnitude into a structural member to improve its behavior.

The subsequent volume expansion from the inclusion (via an increase in the height of the unit cell) introduces compressive stresses which therefore strengthen the matrix near the approaching crack tip front.

This cuts down on weight but introduces stresses and holes for the rivets which could be a source of leaks or failures.