In the grisly terminology of those who interpret Islam violently, the spilling of our blood was considered halal, permitted by God.

Ms. Alkhateeb, who was born and raised in Philadelphia, spent much of her life interpreting Islam.

Liberal movements within Islam include Quranists who interpret Islam as "a belief system committed to the liberal values of a democratic world".

The 77-year-old Nation of Islam once enjoyed a near monopoly over interpreting Islam for black Americans, using the faith as a vehicle to promote black separatism.

The author of 94 books, Sheik Ghazali attracted a broad following with works that sought to interpret Islam and its holy book, the Koran, in a modern light.

This is because some Muslim scholars interpret Islam as prohibiting the use of musical instruments except for some basic percussion.

The attempt to interpret Islam in terms of ancient Greek rationalism.

On the issue of women and gender the Muslim Brotherhood interprets Islam conservatively.

Rahman was driven to exile from his homeland, Pakistan, where he was part of a committee which sought to interpret Islam for the fledging modern state.

"It is very sad that some people have interpreted Islam in a wrong way and made it appear as if it is essentially a militant religion."