Soviet intellectuals began to question Moscow's support of socialist leaders who did not have popular support.

After their defeat in 1918, German military intellectuals began reshaping the army.

In the early 20th century, local intellectuals began developing the concept of Indonesia as a nation state, and set the stage for an independence movement.

Despite repression, some intellectuals began to publicly dissent and philosophize.

In order to uplift the French national spirit, many intellectuals began to fashion patriotic propaganda.

The clergy and the intellectuals began to speak out against the trials from the late sixteenth century.

China's intellectuals were beginning to talk about bringing democracy, or some form of it, to China.

In the early 19th century various intellectuals, perhaps most notably the Hegelians, began to question the prospect of empirical social analysis.

During the 1840s, the intellectuals began a campaign aimed at convincing the slaveholders to free their slaves.

For this reason, even intellectuals began to take an interest in him during the late 1990s.