Chattels personal consist either of tangible goods, or of intangible rights such as patents, or stocks and shares.

While several early cases employed the "intangible right to honest government," United States v. States (8th Cir.

All accounts, contract rights, accounts receivables and general intangible rights relating to or otherwise existing as a consequence of the operation are included in the auction.

"By saying 'pay under the statute,' the court was saying we don't want to find that an intangible right to do something is property in California."

"People are willing to pay money for something that is as valuable as that, and that's why it is not an intangible right but a property right."

First, land includes physical things attached to it (e.g. buildings and "hereditaments") and, second, intangible rights (like an easement, a right of way).

It did so by establishing that "intangible rights," such as honest services, are protected by the federal fraud statutes.

In that case, the High Court said the Federal mail-fraud law could not be used to prosecute a defendant for violating an "intangible right" to good government.

State courts have often found that numerous transfers of intangible rights are to be considered subject to sales tax where not specifically exempted.

In 1988, Congress enacted a new law that specifically criminalized schemes to defraud victims of "the intangible right of honest services."