In informal logic this is called a counter argument.

A common approach to studying informal logic is to start with logical fallacies.

All of informal logic is built up from these principles.

Students of informal logic sometimes try to split claim (1) into a premise and a conclusion.

Understanding informal logic this way would be much too broad to be useful.

Thus, informal logic is one contributor to this inquiry, being most especially concerned with the norms of argument.

The study of inductive reasoning is generally carried out within the field known as informal logic or critical thinking.

In some cases, there is a way to tell good arguments from bad using what is called informal logic.

This article is a tutorial introducing these basic ideas of informal logic.

However, fallacies are not necessarily the best place to start learning informal logic.