Cities, especially Warsaw, prospered, as poverty ground on in the countryside, especially on the many inefficient farms.
The nation's chronically inefficient collective farms have been relabeled, not reorganized.
The agricultural sector remains handicapped by structural problems, surplus labor, inefficient small farms, and a lack of investment.
We are talking about America's farm and food subsidy programs - outdated, inefficient and in dire need of reform.
Many farmers say there is a deliberate Government effort to drive inefficient farms out of business through high property taxes and tight credit.
Subsidies allowed many small, outdated, or inefficient farms to continue to operate which would not otherwise be viable.
Most of that went to buy grain for bread, while also propping up famously inefficient collective farms.
Now, some city dwellers complain they are paying sky-high prices simply to subsidize inefficient farms.
Poland's important agricultural sector continues to be handicapped by surplus labour, inefficient small farms, and lack of investment.
Paying more for grain, they said, would merely protect the inefficient farms and obstruct private initiative among farmers.