He said that even today "there is no evidence that irradiation induces testicular cancer."

Nevertheless, some viruses that lack known cancer genes have also been found to induce cancer.

Carcinogens induce cancer, or increase the likelihood of cancer occurring.

In fact, they say, those doses might be enough to induce cancer in about a quarter of those exposed.

Therefore, it may be a better indicator of the overall risk of inducing cancer than the dose within the field.

Chromosome damage can in some instances induce cancer, but the study does not maintain that the chromium is carcinogenic.

Environmental activists would have us ban any substance that induces cancer in lab rodents, even though tremendous doses are required to cause this effect.

At the time of writing, this substance was in common use in the laboratory to induce cancer in mice for study.

At the same time the EU has programmes to combat tobacco induced cancer.

"Would it be strange if they had developed the technology to induce cancer and nobody knew about it?"