In a charter approved in 2004, mining companies pledged to transfer 26 percent of their ownership to "historically disadvantaged" individuals within 10 years.

These are contributions aimed at creating sustainable access to the economy for historically disadvantaged South Africans.

About 70% of the learners come from historically disadvantaged backgrounds.

The country has set a goal for 2012 of 26 percent ownership of existing mines by members of historically disadvantaged groups.

Broadband is a particularly important platform for historically disadvantaged communities, including racial and ethnic minorities, people with disabilities and recent immigrants.

The Trust - established to fund developmental programmes in tertiary education - provides capacity building at 17 historically disadvantaged institutions.

"Employment opportunities have expanded considerably, especially for historically disadvantaged groups, including women, blacks and Hispanics," the report said.

(They are encouraged to host schools from historically disadvantaged communities.)

We are convinced that the smaller, less experienced, poorer and historically disadvantaged countries will benefit from this.

The amnesty benefited a historically disadvantaged class.