Even today, the terms "failure rate" and "hazard rate" are often used interchangeably.

This is used synonymously with "mortality leveling-off", or rather to refer to the region where hazard rate is approximately constant.

Most models try to model the hazard rate by choosing the underlying distribution depending on the shape of the hazard function.

Complications, adverse effects and late effects are all possible causes of change in the hazard rate over time.

The hazard rate when and is:

Additionally, note the presence of a hazard rate in the expression.

In a proportional hazards model, the unique effect of a unit increase in a covariate is multiplicative with respect to the hazard rate.

Formally, the hazard rate is defined by the following limit:

Table 4 shows the proportion of individuals who have estimated hazard rates and reservation wages which fall with duration.

The classic equation for the excess hazard rate is as follows: