It is not a cold hardy rose (USDA zone 6b through 9b) and needs good sun exposure.

Order roses, particularly hardy, disease-resistant varieties.

Canadian breeders, who are known for developing hardy roses, often name them after explorers like Henry Hudson.

And he encouraged them to let hardy roses ramble up into the apple trees, to plant bulbs in the meadow and let the grass grow high until mowing time in late summer.

Suffice to say that you can learn everything, from which hardy roses can withstand minus-45 degrees in the Montana Rockies to the latest in black flowers.

Two hardy roses held onto brown-edged blooms, their scent all the stronger for the frost that had doomed them.

Grandifloras are tall-growing, sterdy plants that produce hardier roses than most.

When Dr. Buck retired in 1987, his department at Iowa State did not have an interest in continuing his work with hardy roses.

Recently, to create hardier roses that need less spraying, have more fragrance, and bloom all summer, breeders began to infuse blood lines of the old-fashioned roses back into modern hybrids.

Poulson, the Danish rose dynasty, was established in 1878 and originally focused on breeding roses hardy enough to withstand the Scandinavian climate.