"Negotiations are just one element of a total strategy," said Mr. Kasrils, a former commander in the congress's guerrilla wing.

A primary school teacher, he helped create the movement's guerrilla wing and was convicted in 1963 on charges of sabotage and sending members abroad for military training.

He served as the chief of staff of the guerrilla wing until Chris Hani replaced him three years ago.

The group's political wing is legal in Namibia though its guerrilla wing is outlawed.

He joined the congress's guerrilla wing in exile in 1962, becoming chief of staff in 1987.

Some of the earlier attacks on whites have been claimed by the guerrilla wing of the Pan Africanist Congress.

These included the status of weapons cached by the congress's guerrilla wing, Spear of the Nation.

I can say that about the Communist Party and Umkhonto," he added, referring to the congress's guerrilla wing.

This has not satisfied the African National Congress because it excludes those in its guerrilla wing who could be accused of terrorism and murder.

Communists are prominent in the leadership of the congress and its guerrilla wing, Spear of the Nation.