Vehicle-to-grid can be used with such gridable vehicles, that is, plug-in electric vehicles (BEVs and PHEVs), with grid capacity.
A study conducted by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for the US Department of Energy in December 2006 found that the idle off-peak grid capacity in the US would be sufficient to power 84% of all vehicles in the US if they all were immediately replaced with electric vehicles.
Hydroelectricity is the oldest and most dependant source of electricity generation in Sri Lanka, taking a share of nearly 45% of the total available grid capacity in December 2010.
PJM Interconnection, the regional transmission organization that covers the area and is the world's largest competitive wholesale electricity market, would need to develop a formula to assess its customers for the costs associated with hooking up the new cables, increasing grid capacity and making the system more reliable.
At the same time, however, the operator's own chief executive reported that progress on building new grid capacity for the region was too slow, and that federal reliability rules were his highest priority.
Increasing grid capacity is the top concern of utilities worldwide.
As of the end of 2011, South Dakota had less than 100 kilowatts of grid connected photovoltaic capacity.
While some additional infrastructure will be required in places like northern Scotland and Mid Wales, where there is insufficient existing grid capacity, this is a colossal exaggeration.
The power house uses excess grid capacity during off peak hours to pump water from the Conowingo Reservoir into the upper reservoir through four 25 foot (7.6 m) diameter, 343 vertical foot (105 m) shafts.
Obstacles to be removed include bureaucratic barriers, problems of grid capacity and inadequate support systems.