Likewise, genes never operate alone but in redundant scale-free networks with an incredible level of buffering capacity.

Others now believe there is scant evidence for this unless the genes are operating very early in the pregnancy.

Epigenetics is the study of how environmental factors can affect how a given gene operates.

That sort of specific activity would have given scientists a handle on how the gene operates, and what happens when it goes awry.

The researchers have a basic idea of how the foraging gene operates.

The work expands on previous discoveries that have emerged within the last few months, clarifying how this crucial gene operates in the body.

The Cleveland biologists believe that human genes built into the artificial chromosomes would operate normally, but they have not yet tested the idea.

These genes operate in a similar manner in males and females.

The mice in which the gene was operating developed brain and behavioral symptoms that were the mouse-like counterparts of the human symptoms.